Pulverizi no-machine



(No Model.) Sheets-Sheet 1.

G. S. FINNEY. PULVBRIZING MACHINE."

10.427.228. 1 Plant 1890' 2 sheets-sheet (No Model.)

G. S. FINNEY. P ULVERIZING MACHINE.

No. 427,228'. Patented May 6 1890.

EIT"- WTNESESI ne 'f- N, n, c.

me News PETER s ou, muvo-umm, wAsNmmo NTTnn STATES PATENT Ormea.

GEORGE S. FINNEY, OF CHICAGO, ILLINOIS.

PU LVERIZING-lVlACHINE.

i SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,228, dated May 6, 1890.

Application tiled February 9, 1889. Serial No. 299,277 (N0 mrlel.)

To all whom, it may concern,.-

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. FINNEY, of Chicago, in the county of Cook and State of Illinois, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pnlverizing-Machines; and I do hereby declare that the following is a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon,which form a part of this specification.

This invention relates to an improvement in pulverizing-machines for reducing dry materials-such as ores, paints, and similar substances-of that class wherein the materialbeing operated upon is introduced into a revolving` cylinder within which is located a series of rapidly revolving fans or beaters, and wherein an air-blast is employed to carry away or drawout of the cylinder material reduced to a pulverulent condition by the machine.

The invention consists in the matters hereinafter described, and pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings, illustrating my invention, Figure lis a central vertical section of amachine embodyingthe same. Fig. 2 is a cross-section thereof, taken upon line 2 2 of Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a section thereof, taken upon line 3 3 of Fig. l. Fig. a is a detail secvtion illustrating a modified form ofthe apparatus.

As illustrated in the said drawings, A is a horizontal frame-base for supporting the several parts of the machine, said base being herein shown as made of timbers connected with each other in rectangular form.

B is a cast-metal frame attached to the baseframe A, and forming the supports or bearings for a revolving cylinder C, which forms the main operative part of the machine. Said cylinder is provided on its opposite sides with two .hollow trunnions C C2, by which the cylinder is sustained upon the metal frame B. Said hollow trunnions are made' of considerable diameter and constitute the sole inlet and outlet openings of the cylinder, which latter is entirely closed, with the exception of the opposite central openings through the trunnions. The trunnions may rest in ordinary cylindrical bearings within the support- .ing-frame B g but in order to lessen the friction which would otherwise be due to the large diameter of the trunnions I have provided anti-friction roller-bearings, which are constructed as follows:

Z2 h h indicate aplurality of cylindrical rollers disposed around the trunnions between the lat-ter and opposing cylindrical bearingsurfaces B- B of the frame B.

ZJ h are rings located at opposite ends of the rollers b Z) and provided with bearingapertures engaging pivot-pins b2 h2, which pass through said rollers. The said rings b h serve to hold the rollers at equal distances apart as the latter are moved forward along the cylindrical bearing-surface B in the turning of the trunnions in a manner heretofore common and well-known in anti-friction roller-bearings. The upper part of the said cylindric surface B is herein shown as formed by a separate cap B2, bolted to the main casting B, in the manner clearly shown in Fig. 3.

The trunnion C2 at the exit side of the cylinder C is extended considerably outside of Lor beyond its bearing in the frame B, and is provided with a belt-pulley C3, over which is placed a belt to give rotary motion vto the cylinder.

D is a horizontal shaft extending axially through the cylinder C and its hollow trunnions, said shaft being supported at its oppo- -site ends in bearinOsD D2 which are located at opposite ends of the base-frame A, in the manner illustrated. Said shaft carries inside of the cylinder C a plurality of beaters E, which are rigidly attached to and revolve with the shaft. Said beaters are sustained from the shaft by means of an imperforate disk F, which is affixed to the shaft, and is provided at its outer margin with a series of radial arms or lugs f, to the front faces of which the beaters E are bolted. Said shaft D is provided with a belt-pulley D3, over `which is placed a belt for giving motion to the shaft and beaters. The material to be pulverized is fed to the cylinder C through the hollow trunnion C. For this purpose I have herein shown a hopper G, which is connected with an inclined spout G', which extends into the trunnion and is desirably divided, so as to pass on either side of the shaft D, and provided with .a central U -shaped wall g, extend- IOO ` will have no harmful effect.

To the opening through the hollow trunnion C2 is connected the induction-opening of an airforcing or exhaust device, by which an aircurrent is drawn through the cylinder for carrying away the pulverized material when the latter reaches a suitable degree of fineness. As illustrated in said Figs. l and 2, the casing H of a suction-fan surrounds the shaft D adjacent to the end of the trunnion C2, and said shaft carries a series of fanblades H H', which act within said casingin the manner of an ordinary exhaust-fan. The central opening H2 ofthe fan-casing communicates with the hollow trunnion, the partsl being provided with surfaces which are in contact with each other or sufficiently close together to prevent any considerable influx of air at the joint between them. The cylinder and its trnnnions are revolved at such speed that the material within the cylinder, unless sufficiently light to be carried away by the air-current, is thrown and retained by centrifugal force in the outer part of the cylinder outside of the influence of the air-current. It is not desired, however, that any such material should accumulate in the space between the hollow trunnion C2 and the shaft D, because such accumulation of material will prevent the free egress of air therethrough. To avoid this result, I place within the hollow trunnion a stationary cylinder H3, arranged close to, but preferably not in contact with, the trunnion, said cylinder being attached to a suitable stationary support and connected with the inletopening of the fan-casing. The fan-casingis herein shown as located close to the end of the hollow trunnion, and the cylinder H3 is therefore attached directly to and supported solely by the side wall of the said fan-casing'. In order to prevent any fine material from accumulatin g within the space between the trunnion andshell, there is formed a small hole or series of holes, as indicated at h, Fig. l, to allow a slight air-current through said space toward the cylinder C,which will prevent the entrance of any material to said space. The fan-casing H is of course connected by a suitable outlet-duct with the place at which the pulverized material that is carried with the aircurrent through said duct maybe deposited.

The operation of the apparatus described is as follows: The cylinder C is driven at a relatively high speed-say about three hundred revolutions per minute-the speed of rotation being such that the coarser particles of material introduced into the cylinder will be thrown outwardly and will be held near or remain in contact with the outer peripheral wall of the cylinder during the operation of the machine. The shaft and beaters are driven in a direction opposite to that in which the cylinder is turned and at a very high rate of speedsay one thousand or fifteen hundred revolutions per minute*these revolving beaters operating in connection with the revolving cylinder in the same manner as the beaters of similar machines as heretofore made to break up or pulverize the material fed to the cylinder. The material will be reduced to some extent, as in the case of the larger masses, by direct contact of the beaters therewith; but the material will be pulverized mainly by the production of a rotary air-current within the casin g, with which ai r-currents the larger particles are carried around the casing, and by striking each other and by contact with particles which move with the outer revolving cylinder are by attrition reduced in size and pulverized. The air-current in passing through the cylinder takes from the latter that part of the pulverized material which is sufficiently tine or light to be carried away thereby, whileA the coarser particles remain in the cylinder and continue to be acted on by attrition until reduced to the desired iineness.

The size of the pulverized material passing from the machine depends upon the speed and revolution in the outer cylinder and the strength of the draft through the same, it being entirely obvious that when the cylinder is run at a high speed the material will be retained therein by centrifugal action for a longer time, and thereby subjected to a greater reduction than when the cylinder is run more slowly. It is also obvious that a strong draft of air through the cylinder would take out more and larger particles, while a weaker draft will only remove the material which has been reduced to a greater extent or to an impalpable powder.

The imperforate disk F, arranged in the manner described, affords an important improvement in machines of the general character herein shown, which is applicable in machines which are otherwise different from that herein illustrated. In similar machines as heretofore constructed the beaters have been placed upon radial arms and the draft of lair has passed through the spaces between said arms inside of the beaters. In a construction of this kind the material is found to accumulate behind the beaters by reason of the vacuum there formed, thus preventing the free and continuous passage of material through the machine. In a machine in which the imperforate disk is present, however, the air is deflected outwardly thereby and passes around the edge of the disk at points between the beaters. The air-blast thus passes the IOO rol;

IIO

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points where otherwise a vacuum would form, thereby effectually preventing'the accumulation of any dust or fine particles at the surfaces of the fans. I have herein shown the disk F as arranged to support the beaters E; but an imperforate disk placed between the beaters and the supporting-shaft may be otherwise constructed or arranged, as found convenient or desirable.

In Fig. -L I have shown a somewhat different construction in that part of the machine adjacent to the trunnion C2, wherein the cylindric space within the trunnion is filled by a spiral fan placed upon the central shaft and taking the place of the exhaust-fan illustrated in the other iigures of the drawings. As shown in said Fig. 4, I I are spiral propellerblades attached to the shaft D and extending from end to end of the hollow trunnion G2. J is an air-box having a circular iiange j, which is fitted to the end margin of the sleeve C2, and J is an air-outlet pipe attached to said box. In a construction of this kind the fan operating within the hollow trunnion operates to draw the air through the cylinder C and discharge it, together with the pulverized material or dust carried thereby, through the air-pipe J in the same manner as before described. Vhen the spiral or propeller fan is present, the cylinder I-I3 (shown in Fig. l) may be dispensed with, the edges of the fan being brought close to the inner 'surface of the hollow trunnion, so as to remove any pulverized material or dust that may tend to accumulate thereon.

I claim as my inventionl. A pulverizing-machine comprising a revolving hollow cylinder forming the external casing of the machine, said cylinder being provided with hollow trunnions, a beater-shaft extending through the hollow trunnions, an imperforate disk mounted upon the shaft, a series of fans or beaters attached to the periphery of said disk, a spout extending through one of the trunnions for the introduction of the material to be operated upon, and an airexhausting device connectedwith the other trunnion for producing a forcible air-current through the machine, substantially as described.

2. A pulverizing-machine comprising a revolving hollow cylinder forming the external casing of the machine, said cylinder being provided with hollow trunnions, a beatershaft extending through the hollow truunions, a series ot' fans or beaters carried by the shaft, a feed-spout .extending through one of the trunnions, a stationary hollow cylinder extending into the other trunnion to a point adjacent to the side wall of the casing, and an air-exhausting device provided with an air duct or passage attached to the outer end of said stationary cylinder, substantially as de-` scribed.

3. The combination of a revolving cylinder provided with a hollow trunnion for the exit of air and pulverized material, and revolving beaters in said cylinder, an air-exhaustin g device connected with said hollow trunnion, and a stationary hollow cylinder within the trunnion, said trunnion being provided with one or more small holes 7L for the admission of air, substantially as described.

In testimony that I claim the foregoing as my invention I affix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

GEORGE S. FINNEY.

Witnesses:

C. CLARENoE POOLE, TAYLOR E. BROWN. 

